For the past few days, my 2TB, two partition, external drive has been self-ejecting itself (without any dialog indicating any reason). Usually, turning it off/on makes the iMac 'see' it again. Occasionally, it takes more than one off/on cycle. The drive (2.0TB Seagate Barracuda XT SATA 6Gb/s 64MB Cache) and the enclosure (Newer Technology miniStack v3 eSATA/FireWire 400/800/USB2.0 Enclosure Kit) are only a few months old. This combo replaced a 1GB setup that had a power supply problem. That was repaired and is now being used elsewhere in the house.
There appear only two potential paths of trouble-shooting, neither of which is particularly exciting:
Send the enclosure (and 2TB drive) back to OWC for 'testing'
Take the iMac to the Store to determine if its FW port is the problem
Actually, there is another place in town that services Macs. Back when the internal drive was replaced by Apple, I asked about installing a larger drive and was told they would only replace the bad one with the same size. But, they suggested that I could take it to the other service facility if I wanted a larger drive installed.
I'm not aware of any software method of testing this kind of problem.
However, I just increased the fan speeds via iStat Menus even though the temps don't seem any warmer than normal (and much cooler than when I was running the Folding@Home, cpu intensive software last year!).